Renal disease treatment CKD
Understanding Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Understand how chronic kidney disease is treated in the U.S., from early interventions to advanced renal care. Learn about medications, dialysis, and key treatment options for CKD patients.
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition where the kidneys gradually lose function over time. In the U.S., over 37 million adults are estimated to have CKD—many of them unaware of it. If untreated, CKD can lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Stages of CKD and Their Impact
CKD is classified into five stages, based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR):
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Stage 1–2: Mild damage, often asymptomatic
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Stage 3: Moderate decline in kidney function
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Stage 4: Severe decline
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Stage 5 (ESRD): Kidney failure requiring renal replacement therapy
Early detection is crucial for slowing progression.
Renal Disease Treatment Options in the U.S.
1. Lifestyle & Diet Modification
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Low sodium, low protein diets
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Control of blood pressure and blood sugar
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Avoidance of nephrotoxic drugs like NSAIDs
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Increased hydration (as advised)
2. ACE Inhibitors and ARBs
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First-line medications for controlling blood pressure and reducing proteinuria
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Help delay progression of CKD in patients with diabetes or hypertension
3. SGLT2 Inhibitors
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New class of medications like Farxiga and Jardiance
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Proven to slow CKD progression and protect kidney function
4. Anemia Management
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Iron supplements, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) like Epogen or Aranesp
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Treats common CKD-related anemia
5. Dialysis and Kidney Transplant
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Required in stage 5 CKD or ESRD
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Dialysis options: Hemodialysis or Peritoneal Dialysis
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Kidney transplantation offers best outcomes for eligible patients
Monitoring and Specialist Care
CKD patients should be under the care of a nephrologist and receive regular monitoring of:
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eGFR (kidney filtration rate)
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Serum creatinine
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Albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR)
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Blood pressure and glucose levels